Unearthing the Megalithic Heritage of South India: A Focus on The Rock-Cut Caves of North Malabar

Abstract

The distinctive rock-cut caves of the Cochin and Malabar regions are the main focus of this article's exploration of Kerala's megalithic structures. The study explores the distribution, typology, and building techniques of these Iron Age artifacts in order to comprehend their cultural and architectural significance. Reviewing historical and archaeological literature is the main method, which is complemented by observations from current locations, particularly in North Malabar. The findings show that Kerala's megalithic structures are notable for their regional uniqueness and diversity, especially the rock-cut caves. These laterite-built caves come in single and multi-chambered varieties and are distinguished by their domed ceilings, central pillars, and benches. They demonstrate the technological and cultural advancement of the Iron Age community by showcasing sophisticated engineering abilities and influences from domestic architecture. The megaliths also demonstrate how burial customs were modified to fit the local environment. Despite its historical significance, human activity, urbanization, and ignorance are some of the major obstacles to these monuments' preservation. In order to preserve these priceless archaeological sites, the study emphasizes the need for methodical excavations and conservation initiatives. This article enriches knowledge of Iron Age culture in South India by describing the unique characteristics and historical background of Kerala's megaliths.