Job Qualification Mismatch in Indian Labour Market and Related Socio-Economic Issues: A Case Study of Jammu District

Abstract

This study delves into the dynamic relationship between India's commendable progress in enhancing overall literacy rates and the phenomenon of "job qualification mismatch," focusing on police constables and 4th class employees in Jammu District, UT of J&K, between October 2022 and June 2023. The research assesses the prevalence of overeducation, identifies associated factors, and explores the reasons for job selection. Primary data was collected within Jammu District, spanning four tehsils and various institutions, including government colleges, the University of Jammu, SKUAST-Jammu, and Civil Secretariat, particularly focusing on 4^th class employees in these institutions.  Data collection also extended to police constables at different police stations, women cells, chaukis, battalions, and other establishments, with a specific emphasis on locations with significant numbers of police constables. A significant majority (57.70%) of respondents were found to be overeducated, holding qualifications exceeding job requirements. Employing logistic regression, the analysis identified key predictors such as gender, age, marital status, parental educational status and occupation, family structure, regional background, and personal factors. Diverse motivations for job selection were uncovered, with poor family financial conditions being the primary motivator (38.1%), followed by job security, passion, work-life balance, career development, location, and the impact and purpose of the work.