Abstract
Environmental pollution is a pressing global concern that harms humans, the environment, and all living beings, causing lasting damage. This paper presents evidence that air pollution is associated with aggressive and violent crime, and the criminalisation of air pollution and the formal recognition of its victims through the frameworks of green criminology and green victimology. The paper argues that air pollution causes physical, psychological, and social harm, yet it is not criminalised and remains underregulated. By building on the concept of harm as central to criminological inquiry, the paper argues for treating air pollution as a crime to ensure accountability and support victims.
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